ABSTRACT. The underground architecture is linked to the history of human beings as it was the first architecture to resort to it in the early days of human life for housing and protection within the ecosystem. However, life soon developed in various technological and construction fields with many disadvantages that contributed to influencing the ecosystem. Including architects to the need to preserve the ecosystem and return to such a kind of architecture ,but in line with the progress of urban and technology ,to address this research to study the underground architecture as an architectural and environmental concept through the most important trends and ideas an architecture that has been advocated by many architectural movements , and the possibility of applying such kind of architecture as a technique in the future to reach a number of conclusions and recommendations to work on the rise of this type of research to serve the life humanity as a whole .