The study aimed to assess how the composition of CAD/CAM blocks affects their mechanical properties. Nine blocks, including enamel and dentin, were tested. Each material underwent Vickers microhardness and nanohardness tests, filler weight analysis, and SEM imaging. Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA. Vita Mark II ceramic exhibited significantly higher hardness and elastic modulus values compared to other materials. CAD/CAM composite blocks showed similar hardness and elastic modulus to dentin but lower than enamel and ceramics. SEM images revealed distinct filler-matrix microstructures in the composite blocks. Findings indicated a positive correlation between hardness, elastic modulus, ceramic filler content, and microstructure. Additionally, CAD/CAM composite materials demonstrated comparable properties to natural tooth structure.