This study analyses how multinational businesses in emerging markets use strategic resources to enhance innovation performance, focusing on social capital theory and resource-based theory. In the multinational businesses in the emerging markets, this study employed a survey questionnaire to collect data from 228 employees of courier services in service sector firms in Jordan. To test the study's hypotheses, the data was examined using partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). We discovered that knowledge-based HRM strategies promote innovation performance multinational businesses through social capital and knowledge sharing. In addition, the findings of the study imply that social capital and knowledge sharing mediated the impact of knowledge-based HRM practices on innovation performance. The major contribution of this study is to extended and enriched the Resource - based view, social capital theory, and innovation literature in the sector.